Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Drawing on the knowledge and understanding of the local circumstances of researchers from the case-study countries, this text outlines the value of diversity in economic growth.

Economic development --- Economic development

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The use of expert or qualitative surveys to rank countries’ business investment conditions is widespread. However, within the economic literature there are concerns about measurement error and endogeneity based on characteristics of the respondents, raising questions about how well the data reflect the underlying reality they are trying to measure. This paper examines these concerns using data from 79,000 firms in 105 countries. The findings show that first, qualitative rankings correlate well with quantitative measures of the business environment, using both quantitative measures from within the survey and from external sources. Second, there are systematic variations in perceptions based on firm characteristics - focusing in particular on size and growth performance. However, it is not that an optimistic view of the business environment is simply the expression of a firm’s own performance. Rather, firm size and performance affect the relative importance of certain constraints, particularly in areas such as finance, time with officials/inspectors, corruption, and access to reliable electricity. The results also show that much of the variation in subjective responses by firm types is largely due to differences in the objective conditions across firm types. There is little evidence that size and performance have non-linear effects in how constraining a given objective condition is reported to be. Overall, concerns about endogeneity remain in using business environment indicators to explain firm performance, but this stems primarily from the fact that who you are and how well you are doing can affect the conditions you face rather than whether the indicator used is qualitative or quantitative.

Economic development.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The political ambition expressed by the NSPA through the Vision is to ensure that its growth potential and general importance for European economic development is recognised. At the same time, it needs to be acknowledged that sparse population patterns can require regulatory special treatment, measures to preserve local communities from external shocks and relatively higher costs in terms of infrastructure investments and public service provision. Taken in combination, these elements form the basis for the branding of the NSPA as a 'Strong, Specific and Promising' European macro-region.

Economic development --- Economic development. --- Political aspects.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Economic development --- Macroeconomics

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Dans la mondialisation contemporaine, où la compétition entre États-nations est sévère, pourquoi certains pays à revenu moyen décollent-ils alors que les autres stagnent ? Dans ce livre original, Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira montre que les premiers, en particulier les pays asiatiques, ont développé une stratégie de développement nationale (que l'auteur qualifie de « nouveau développementisme »), alors que les seconds tentaient d'appliquer les recettes du « consensus de Washington ». Dans l'optique du nouveau développementisme, explique l'auteur, l'équilibre macroéconomique, et notamment la préservation d'un taux de change compétitif, est essentiel. Pourtant, on observe dans la plupart des pays latino-américains une tendance à la surévaluation du taux de change, due en partie à des causes structurelles (dont la « maladie hollandaise ») et en partie à des politiques économiques inadaptées, comme l'appel à l'épargne externe. Dès lors, l'auteur préconise que les pays émergents rejettent l'ouverture financière, tablent sur l'épargne interne et s'efforcent de neutraliser la « maladie hollandaise », afin d'obtenir un taux de change compétitif permettant une stratégie de croissance extravertie. Alors que l'hégémonie idéologique étasunienne ne semble plus pouvoir s'exercer comme dans les années 1990 et au vu des trajectoires exemplaires des États asiatiques, sans doute les autres pays émergents, notamment d'Amérique latine, peuvent-ils retrouver de nouvelles marges de manœuvre pour renouer avec la croissance.

Globalization. --- Economic development.